Marta Gurin

Waste-to-Energy

Bottom Ash Recycling in Europe: Metals, minerals, and climate benefits

While metal recovery from IBA is standard practice and delivers significant CO₂ savings, the mineral fraction's potential remains underutilised. CEWEPs Leen De Bruycker and Marta Gurin discuss current recycling practices, policy impacts including the Critical Raw Materials Act, and what's needed to unlock bottom ash's full circular economy potential.