Healthcare waste : Healthcare plastic waste crisis: Less than 5% recycled

medical syringes and ampoules of plastic and glass that were in use, waste, close-up
© Elena Cherkasova - stock.adobe.com

A new report from Eunomia and Systemiq reveals that less than 5% of plastic healthcare waste undergoes mechanical recycling in North America and Europe, despite healthcare systems generating over 2 million metric tons of single-use plastic waste annually.

The sector's heavy reliance on single-use plastics stems from low virgin material costs, sterility requirements, regulatory exemptions and fragmented system responsibility. Without intervention, the report warns that annual healthcare plastic waste volumes could surge 35-40% by 2040, generating 4.3 million metric tons of CO2-equivalent emissions and pushing hospital costs beyond $76 billion yearly.

However, the report identifies five circular economy strategies that could transform healthcare waste streams: 

  • refusing unnecessary use, 
  • reusing durable alternatives, 
  • substituting with compostable materials, 
  • improving recycling through better design and segregation, 
  • and procuring low-emission plastics from biobased sources.

If scaled effectively, these interventions could cut single-use plastic waste by 53% and reduce emissions by 55% by 2040, delivering $18 billion in annual savings. For waste management companies, this represents a massive opportunity to develop specialised healthcare recycling programmes and consultation services to help health systems transition towards more sustainable practices.